References:

Anderson, K. (2000). A recognition of being: Reconstructing native womanhood. Toronto:

Sumach Press.

Anderson, D., & Wemigwans, J., Healing with a deep heart. In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002).

Aboriginal approaches: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (pp 6-.12). Retrieved from https://books.scholarsportal.info/uri/ebooks/ebooks0/gibson_cppc/2010-08-06/2/10270522

Anderson, D., The Aboriginal family as medicine: how native cultural

values help one family with FASD. In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002). Aboriginal approaches: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (pp. 15-18). Retrieved from https://books.scholarsportal.info/uri/ebooks/ebooks0/gibson_cppc/2010-08-06/2/10270522

Anderson, K., Cultural awareness camps. In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002). Aboriginal

approaches: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (pp. 15-18). Retrieved from: https://books.scholarsportal.info/uri/ebooks/ebooks0/gibson_cppc/2010-08-06/2/10270522

Anderson, K. Straight talk: Lessons from culture-based parenting from

Maria Linklater. In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002). Aboriginal approaches: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (pp. 15-18). Retrieved from: https://books.scholarsportal.info/uri/ebooks/ebooks0/gibson_cppc/2010-08-06/2/10270522

Anderson, K., Support Education and healing: A visit with Della Maguire

and her team. In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002). Aboriginal approaches: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (pp. 15-18). Retrieved from: https://books.scholarsportal.info/uri/ebooks/ebooks0/gibson_cppc/2010-08-06/2/10270522

Best Start Resource Centre. (2012). Supporting the sacred journey: From preconception to

parenting for First Nations families in Ontario. Toronto, Canada: Health Nexus.

Boyd, S., & Marcellus, L, (2007). Harm reduction in Action: Future directions. In Boyd &

Marcellus (2007). With Child. Susbtance use during pregnancy: A Woman-Centred approach. (pp. 111-119). Halifax, Canada: Fernwood Publishing.

Cutknife A., Annette and Daniel’s story. In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002). Aboriginal

approaches: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (pp. 15-18). Retrieved from:

https://books.scholarsportal.info/uri/ebooks/ebooks0/gibson_cppc/2010-08-06/2/10270522

CAMH Harm Reduction Ad hoc Committee (May, 2002) CAMH and Harm Reduction: A

background paper on its meaning and application for substance use issues.

Retrieved from: http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/influencing_public_policy/public_policy_submissions/harm_reduction/Pages/harmreductionbackground.aspx

Excerpt from Video Mother’s choice (1995) by Gryphon productions. FASD videos with

Aboriginal content. Aboriginal approaches: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (2002), p.31. Retrieved from http://www.ofifc.org/publication/aboriginal-approaches-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder

Hales, D., Lauzon, L. (2010). An invitation to health. (2nd Canadian ed.). Toronto, Canada:

Nelson Education.

It Takes a Community (2001). A resource manual for community-based

prevention of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effects. Medical Services Branch, Health Canada. Retrieved from: http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/sc-hc/H34-84-1997-eng.pdf

Martell, R., Teachers Among Us. In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002). Aboriginal approaches:

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (pp. 26-31). Retrieved from: https://books.scholarsportal.info/uri/ebooks/ebooks0/gibson_cppc/2010-08-06/2/10270522

Maguire, D. (2004) Voices from the field – An aboriginal view on FAS/FAE. In: Tremblay RE,

Barr RG, Peters RDeV, eds. Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development [online]. (pp. 1-5). Montreal, Quebec: Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development; Available at: http://www.child-encyclopedia.com/documents/MaguireANGps.pdf. Accessed [November 5, 2014].

Pacey, M. (2009), Fetal Alcohol syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder among

Aboriginal peoples: A review of prevalence. National Collaborating Centre for Aboriginal Health. Retrieved from:

http://www.nccah-cnsa.ca/en/publications.aspx?sortcode=2.8.10&publication=34

Perry, F., Coming out of the box: Listening to Francis Perry. In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002).

Aboriginal approaches: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (pp. 20-25). Retrieved from:

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Schellenberg (n.d). Knowing about women, children and fetal alcohol syndrome: what

knowledge, and whose knowing counts? In Boyd & Marcellus (2007). With Child. Susbtance use during pregnancy: A Woman-Centred approach (pp.106-110).Halifax, Canada: Fernwood Publishing.

Tait, C. (2003). Fetal alcohol syndrome among Aboriginal people in Canada: Review and

analysis of intergenerational links to residential schools. Aboriginal Healing Foundation Research Series. Retrieved from www.ahf.ca/downloads/fetal-alcohol-syndrome.pdf

Tools for patients (2006). Before you get Pregnant. Adapted from How to Have a Healthy

Baby: Be an alcohol-free mother-to-be. Available from: http://www.samhsa.gov. and Think Before you Drink. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fas/faspub.htm. Retrieved from: Before You Get Pregnant.pdf

Tools for patients (2006). If you’re Pregnant. Adapted from How to Have a Healthy Baby:

Be an alcohol-free mother-to-be. Available from: http://www.samhsa.gov. and Think Before you Drink. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fas/faspub.htm. Retrieved from: If Youre Pregnant.pdf

Updated info. 2021 Alcohol Use During Pregnancy | CDC

What is FASD? In K. Anderson (Ed.). (Fall, 2002). Aboriginal approaches: Fetal Alcohol

Spectrum Disorder (pp. 4-5). Retrieved from:

https://books.scholarsportal.info/uri/ebooks/ebooks0/gibson_cppc/2010-08-06/2/10270522

Based on research papers by:

M.Sami (2015). Effective Management of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Aboriginal Communities Through the Practice of Aboriginal Traditions and Culture A Qualitative Research Paper on Health issues, Brock University.

M.Sami (2014). Aboriginal Tradition and Culture: An Answer to the Effective Management of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Aboriginal Communities. ITM. Toronto. ON.

Photo credits:

Native American Male Dancers at Pow-Wow in Malibu, California

By Hanna Tor Adobe Stock

Happy indigenous South American family taking care of sheep.

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Native american woman with her two kids playing in the grass.

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Low angle rear view of woman shaman holding sacred native frame drum with fur covered drum stick. with raised hands standing against lake in Canada

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Indigenous Quechua woman in traditional clothing looking over the Sacred Valley of the Inca near Cusco, Peru.

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studio portrait of a beautiful native american woman